The primary types of firearms used by soldiers in combat are categorized based on their tactical role, range of fire, and volume of ammunition on the battlefield. Each type of weapon is designed to support specific infantry tasks, from close-quarters combat to wide-area defense.
The following is a classification of firearms commonly used by combat soldiers:
Primary Long-Barreled Weapons
Assault Rifle: The standard weapon of modern infantry soldiers worldwide. This weapon has selective fire modes (semi-automatic and fully automatic) and uses medium-caliber ammunition to allow soldiers to carry a large number of rounds. Examples include the M16, AK-47, and the Indonesian National Armed Forces' Pindad SS2 series.
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| Pindad SS-2 |
Carbine: A version of the assault rifle with a shorter barrel and lighter weight. The carbine is specifically designed for close-quarters combat (CQB), paratroopers, or combat vehicle crews. A popular example is the M4A1.
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| M1A1 Carbine |
Sniper Rifle: A highly accurate rifle used to engage high-value targets from long range. These weapons are generally bolt-action or semi-automatic and equipped with high-magnification telescopic optics.
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| SV-98 |
Designated Marksman Rifle (DMR): A semi-automatic rifle that bridges the gap between a standard assault rifle and a true sniper rifle. This weapon is issued to snipers within infantry squads to provide rapid and accurate support fire.
Automatic Weapons and Squad Support
Light Machine Gun (LMG): An automatic suppressor operated by a single soldier to support squad movements. LMGs typically use a belt-fed system or high-capacity magazines to enable continuous fire. A well-known example is the FN Minimi.
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| FN Minimi |
Medium/Heavy Machine Gun: A large-caliber automatic weapon typically mounted on a tripod or combat vehicle for area defense. This weapon is effective against enemy cover and light armored vehicles, such as the legendary Browning M2HB machine gun.
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| Browning M2 |
Submachine Gun (SMG): A compact automatic weapon that fires pistol-caliber ammunition. SMGs are highly effective for close-range combat in urban areas or confined spaces due to their high rate of fire yet ease of control. An example is the Heckler & Koch MP5.
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| MP5 |
Short-Barreled Weapons and Launchers
Sidearms (Handguns): Compact handguns carried by officers, vehicle crew members, or as emergency backup weapons in the event of a malfunctioning primary weapon. Examples include the Pindad G2 Combat or Glock 17.
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| Pindad G2 Combat |
Grenade Launchers: Small-caliber explosive launchers typically mounted under the barrel of an assault rifle (such as the M203) or as stand-alone weapons. These weapons are used to destroy enemy groups or light vehicles behind cover.
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| M203 Grenade Launcher |
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